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4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented June 21, 1892.

(No Model.)

M J. HYNES. BRICK KILN.

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M. J. HYNES. BRICK KILN.

No. 477,418. Patented June 21,1892.

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4 Sheets-Sheet 4..

(No ModeL) M. J. HYNES.

BRICK KILNf Patented Jun@ 21, 1892.

Ifo/en for Wiess es nl: noms razas cnV UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MICHAEL JOHN HYNES, OF TORONTO,` CANADA, ASSIGNOR TO JOHN MCLEAN FRENCH, OF SAME PLACE.

BRICK-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 477,418, dated June 21, 1892.

i Appnanon ined June 26,1891. seria No. 397,567. (no model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MICHAEL JOHN HYNEs, of the city of Toronto, in the county of York, in the Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented a certain.` new and Improved Brick- Kiln, of which the following isa specification.4

' around the chamber, as well as at its base and crown, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter explained and then definitely claimed. 1

Figure l is an outside elevation of my improved kiln. Fig. 2 is a sectional perspective view of the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan through .fr y. Fig. 4 is a sectional plan through w a'.

My improved kiln has been specially designed for burning terra-cotta; but it will of course be understood that it may be satisfactorily employed for burning` all kinds of bricks. v

`In the drawings like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each figure.

A is a chamber, preferably cylindrical in form, and in to which chamber the bricks to be burned are placed. Outside of and surrounding the chamber A, I build a wall B, leaving a iue a between this wall and the wall of the chamber A. This flue a communicates with the furnaces C and extends entirely around v the said Wall of the chamber A. It also extends over the crown D of the chamberA and communicates with a vertical flue E, extending down the center of the chamberA and connectin g with a series of flues F, radiating from the flue E and connecting with the vertical flue G, which extends entirely around the wall B and communicates with the dome H, from which the smoke-stack extends.

With the View of controlling the draft I close the top of the flue G, leaving, however,

a series of openings I, each opening being proy vided with an adjustable damper J, which I can open or close, as required.

I do not confine myself to any particular number of furnaces C, the number being of course regulated to suit the size of the kiln.

The bricks are properly arranged inside of the chamber A around the flue E, the bricks being passed through the doorway K for buld- 6o ing the first story. The second doorway L is then used for that purpose, and when the chamber A is filled both these doorways are built up.

It will be observed on reference to Fig. 2 65 that the line a is carried through the side wall of each doorway, so that the said flue may be properly continued through the wall of the door, in order that the heat may pass through the said door and keep its wall the 7o same temperature as the wall of the rest of the chamber.

It will be noticed that the portion of the wall of the chamber A immediately opposite to each furnace C is made thicker. This increase of thickness is for the purpose of protecting that portion of the wall of the chamber A immediately opposite to each furnace from the excessive heat of the furnace, in order that the bricks next to it will not be subjected 8o to 'any greater heat than the bricks next to any other portion of the wall of the chamber A. In order to permit the escape of the steam arising from the bricks inside of the chamber A, I make a series of openings M through the crown D and place the damper N beside each opening, so that when the steam has all escaped from the chamber A the openings M may be closed by the damper N.

In order to make the action of the kiln more 9o clear, I may state that the smoke and heated gases from the furnaces C enter the flue a, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 2, surrounding the vertical wall of the chamber A, passing` overits crown D, thence down the vertical line E, where it ends, the lues F, made below the floor of the chamber A, then into the outer flue G, where it passes up through the openings I into the dome H, thence to the smokestack of the kiln.

By providing the dampers J, I am able to regulate the draft so that all portions of the IOC) kiln shall be evenly heated. For instance, if the wind is blowing from the east I would partially close the dampers on that side of the kiln and arrange the said dampers so that the draft should be evenly distributed through all the openings I.

With the view of enabling the party in charge of the kiln to see how the burning of the bricks is progressing I provide a series of small peep-holes O, protected by glass and sufficiently large to enable the operator to see through them.

I deem it important that the flue G be arranged between the flue a and the outer wall of the furnace, as it tends tokeep the products of combustion from being chilled by the outer wall of the furnace, and thus they are kept at a much higher temperature than they otherwise would be even if a dead-air space were interposed, as has been proposed.

What I claim as my invention isl. A circular kiln having a series of furnaces around it, annular-fines in its outer wall leading from said furnaces, a central due, a

second annular flue between the first line and the outer Wall of the furnace, and communications between the first side and centralflues and between the center and second side iiues, substantially as described.

2. In a' circular kiln, a Vertical flue E, lo-

l cated in the center of the brick-chamber A and communicating at its top end with an annular iiue a, extending over the top and around the center of the chamberA and communicating with the furnaces C, in combination with a fine F, formed at the'bottoni of f the chamber A and communicating with the vertical Hue E and the annular flue G, arranged between the flue a, and the outer wall of the kiln and communicating with the dome II through the openings l, regulated by the dampers J, substantially as and for the pur pose specified.

Toronto, June 2, 1891.

MICHAEL J OI N l-IYNES.

In presence of A. EDW. MAYBEE, F. A. WooDWARD. 

